TidBITS#1128/04-Jun-2012
========================
  Issue link: <http://tidbits.com/issue/1128>


  We didn’t plan to have two articles with “Zombie” in their titles this
  week, but that’s just how it worked out, as Matt Neuburg explains how
  you can prevent unwanted documents being reopened by Lion’s Resume
  feature, and Glenn Fleishman shares our experience dealing with
  server-crushing Web traffic generated by compromised computers. Also
  this week, Glenn looks at the Let’s Sing iOS app, Jeff Carlson reviews
  the Hammerhead Capo Case for the iPad, and Steve McCabe shares what
  it’s like to be able to test Facebook’s new “Highlight” feature in New
  Zealand. We also have two new Take Control ebooks: “Take Control of
  Your 802.11n AirPort Network, Third Edition” and “Take Control of
  iBooks Author.” Notable software releases during the last two weeks
  include QuarkXPress 9.3, OmniFocus 1.10.2, App Tamer 1.3, Fantastical
  1.3, Typinator 5.1, Aperture 3.2.4, Coda 2.0, Cobook 1.0, Screenflow
  3.0.6, and Keyboard Maestro 5.3.

Articles
    Let’s Sing Connects People by Voice
    “Take Control of Your 802.11n AirPort Network” Updated
    “Take Control of iBooks Author” Teaches Multi-Touch Book Creation
    Lion Zombie Document Mystery Solved
    Hammerhead Capo Case Protects iPad without Much Bulk
    Facebook Tests “Highlight” Feature on Kiwis
    Killer Zombie Attacks via Google News
    TidBITS Watchlist: Notable Software Updates for 4 June 2012
    ExtraBITS for 4 June 2012


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Let’s Sing Connects People by Voice
-----------------------------------
  by Glenn Fleishman: <glenn@tidbits.com>, @glennf
  article link: <http://tidbits.com/e/13016>
  2 comments

  I was a musical-theatre nerd in high school and still sing in the 
  shower — and at my sometimes-unwilling children. The new Let’s 
  Sing app channels my singing bug. It’s a game that requires me to 
  sing, whistle, or hum the melody of a song I want my partner to 
  guess. The app, which comes in ad-supported free and paid ($4.99) 
  versions, comes from friends-of-TidBITS Lex Friedman and Marco 
  Tabini, both of whom have contributed to our fine publication.

<http://letssingapp.com/>
<http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/lets-sing!-free/id527086095?mt=8>
<http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/lets-sing!/id519518278?mt=8>

  To play, you connect with friends through your contacts or Facebook, 
  or by entering an email address or username. You can also request a 
  random opponent. Pick among three songs offered from simplest 
  (mostly kids’ tunes) to hardest (contemporary pop) associated with 
  in-game coin values that correspond to the level of difficulty. 
  Record a snippet of up to 30 seconds, and send to your partner. If 
  you don’t know the song or need to jog your memory, listen to a 
  preview or even purchase the song in iTunes. 

<http://tidbits.com/resources/2012-05/lets-sing-record-screen.png>

  Your buddy sees a screen that has a series of squares and spaces 
  corresponding to the letters in the song’s title that he or she 
  needs to fill out. If your partner guesses correctly, you both earn 
  the same number of coins. Each round alternates between players.

<http://tidbits.com/resources/2012-05/lets-sing-guess-screen.png>

  If you can’t figure out the song title, you can cash in coins to 
  show the artist’s name or fill in vowels. Passing is also allowed, 
  although that breaks a “streak,” or the count of continuous 
  successful turns between you and that partner. (You can buy coins, 
  too, which is part of the game’s business model, starting at 1,000 
  coins for 99¢.)

  TidBITS Publisher Adam Engst reacted in horror to the description of 
  the game, having never seen the attraction of singing badly (in 
  public or private), or listening to others do so. On the other hand, 
  as an exhibitionist who never liked karaoke, I find Let’s Sing 
  charming, and I love both hearing the voices of friends and sharing 
  my own attempts to hit the high notes on “Dream On.” 


  ----
  read/post comments: <http://tidbits.com/e/13016#comments>
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“Take Control of Your 802.11n AirPort Network” Updated
------------------------------------------------------
  by Adam C. Engst: <ace@tidbits.com>, @adamengst
  article link: <http://tidbits.com/e/13020>

  When Apple released the highly graphical AirPort Utility for iOS in 
  2011, we didn’t realize that its graphical user interface was a 
  preview of the interface that we’d find in AirPort Utility 6 for 
  Mac OS X, which Apple pushed out in early 2012. AirPort Utility 6 
  runs only in 10.7 Lion, and lacks some rarely used features found in 
  AirPort Utility 5 (see “AirPort Utility 6.0 Adds iCloud Support 
  but Removes Many Features,” 1 February 2012). The massive changes 
  in AirPort Utility 6 forced us to revamp Glenn Fleishman’s “Take 
  Control of Your 802.11n AirPort Network,” the second edition of 
  which had been designed to cover Lion and AirPort Utility 5. 

<http://tidbits.com/article/12760>

  We’ve caught up with Apple in the 187-page “Take Control of Your 
  802.11n AirPort Network, Third Edition,” which focuses on AirPort 
  Utility 6 and includes coverage of AirPort Utility for iOS. The core 
  content remains roughly the same otherwise, but because we removed 
  the AirPort Utility 5 information, we’re providing the second 
  edition for free to anyone who buys the third edition. And, although 
  everyone should have already received email about this, we’ve 
  given the third edition to all second edition owners for free (check 
  your Take Control account for the download if you didn’t see our 
  email).

<http://tid.bl.it/your-80211n-airport-network-tidbits>
<http://www.takecontrolbooks.com/account>

  The $20 ebook is available in PDF, EPUB, and Mobipocket formats, and 
  we’ve been steadily improving the visual look of the EPUB to work 
  around limitations in the Pages EPUB export. If you have a Kindle 
  Fire, we feel EPUB is still a better experience than Mobipocket. See 
  my in-depth look at working with the various different formats on 
  the Kindle Fire in “How to Download EPUB, PDF, and Mobipocket to 
  the Kindle Fire” (22 April 2012).

<http://tidbits.com/article/12921>


  ----
  read/post comments: <http://tidbits.com/e/13020#comments>
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“Take Control of iBooks Author” Teaches Multi-Touch Book Creation
-----------------------------------------------------------------
  by Adam C. Engst: <ace@tidbits.com>, @adamengst
  article link: <http://tidbits.com/e/13024>
  4 comments

  Intrigued by Apple’s free iBooks Author ebook publishing software? 
  If you want to create a visually attractive ebook on your Mac and 
  have your layout preserved for readers in iBooks on the iPad, 
  you’ll find a lot to like in iBooks Author. Beyond the obvious 
  text formatting, you can insert slideshows and interactive 
  illustrations, add audio and video, create quizzes, and much more. 
  iBooks Author is designed for creating textbooks, but with a little 
  creativity, you can use it to make many other types of interactive 
  multimedia iPad publications as well — catalogs, journals, 
  brochures, and more.

  Our curiosity about iBooks Author has taken form as “Take Control 
  of iBooks Author,” a new ebook by Michael E. Cohen. You couldn’t 
  imagine a more appropriate author than Michael, who helped create 
  some of the first digital textbooks as part of the Voyager Expanded 
  Books series in the 1990s and who wrote the user guide for the 
  original Voyager Expanded Book Toolkit. We’ve also contributed 
  what we can from our hard-won experience publishing in the 
  iBookstore. The 150-page ebook costs $15, but read on, since we’ve 
  done something special for any iPad owner.

<http://tid.bl.it/tco-ibooks-author-tidbits>

  Briefly, “Take Control of iBooks Author” kicks off by explaining 
  how to plan your Multi-Touch book project to fit the capabilities 
  and assumptions made by iBooks Author. Next up, you’ll find 
  comprehensive step-by-step instructions for producing your ebook by 
  customizing the many available layouts and arranging your text and 
  media. Finally, you’ll learn how to publish your ebook, whether 
  for distribution on Apple’s iBookstore or through some other 
  means. The topics that discuss production are extremely detailed — 
  iBooks Author can be quite squirrelly to work with when you get down 
  to the nitty-gritty.

  We chose to publish “Take Control of iBooks Author” in our usual 
  PDF and EPUB formats (Mobipocket coming soon), so you could read it 
  on many different devices and so it would be a regular Take Control 
  ebook. However, we also wanted to publish an actual Multi-Touch 
  book, so we put several chapters (about 40 pages) from “Take 
  Control of iBooks Author” into a free Multi-Touch book called 
  “Take Control of Getting Ready for iBooks Author” (the link is a 
  direct 8.5 MB download). When viewing “Take Control of Getting 
  Ready for iBooks Author” on your iPad, the media examples are 
  fully operational — you can play a video file, view an image 
  gallery, tap an interactive illustration, take a visual quiz, see 
  the Keynote widget, rotate a 3D image, and even make a Cheshire cat 
  fade away.

<http://tid.bl.it/tco-getting-ready-for-ibooks-author>

  To read “Take Control of Getting Ready for iBooks Author,” you 
  can download it on your iPad and then tap the “Open in” controls 
  to move it into iBooks, or you can download it to your Mac (or 
  Windows PC) and sync it to iBooks via iTunes. We hope that this free 
  ebook will be shared widely and that it will encourage people — 
  especially teachers — who may have never bought a Take Control 
  title before to check out “Take Control of iBooks Author.” If 
  you know anyone who might be interested in building a Multi-Touch 
  book in iBooks Author, please let them know about these new books. 


  ----
  read/post comments: <http://tidbits.com/e/13024#comments>
  tweet this article: <http://tidbits.com/t/13024>


Lion Zombie Document Mystery Solved
-----------------------------------
  by Matt Neuburg: <matt@tidbits.com>
  article link: <http://tidbits.com/e/13019>
  9 comments

  Although I’m the author of “Take Control of Using Lion,” I 
  don’t actually like Mac OS X 10.7 Lion very much; the book 
  doesn’t express my biases explicitly, but you can sense them 
  clearly enough if you read attentively. And one of the Lion features 
  I dislike the most is Resume, which I privately think of as 
  “Zombies.” Resume comes in two parts:

<http://www.takecontrolbooks.com/lion-using?pt=TB1128>

* When you start up the computer, Lion wants to launch all the 
  applications that were running just before you previously shut it 
  down. The same applies, obviously, to restarting, or logging out and 
  logging back in.

* When you launch an application, Lion wants to open all the same 
  documents and windows that were open in that application when you 
  previously terminated it.

  I don’t like these behaviors because, to me, they fly directly in 
  the face of precisely what restarting the computer or quitting an 
  application is for. I like to quit an application exactly as a way 
  of making that application close all its windows and forget about 
  all its open documents. I like to restart the computer (very 
  frequently) as a way of blowing out all the cobwebs, clearing 
  memory, and putting the computer into a fresh state, with no 
  applications running. I don’t want applications launching 
  themselves automatically (aside from the few utilities that I’ve 
  designated as Login Items in the Users & Groups preference pane), 
  and I certainly don’t want applications that are launched to 
  reopen a bunch of stale windows and documents from the past.

  In my book, I also explain how to take control of these features — 
  which in my case means turning them off. When I restart the computer 
  or launch an application, I want a clean slate, every time. Here’s 
  how I get it:

* To prevent applications from relaunching at system startup time, you 
  have to take preventative measures at shutdown time: in the dialog 
  that appears when you shut down or restart or log out, _uncheck_ the 
  checkbox that says “Reopen windows when logging back in.” Of 
  course, this means you have to avoid situations where that dialog 
  doesn’t appear — especially because, until the recently released 
  10.7.4 update, Lion would check that checkbox by default even if you 
  had previously unchecked it. But, thanks to that update, the 
  checkbox is now staying unchecked; I suppose I should be grateful to 
  Apple for small favors.

<http://tidbits.com/resources/2012-05/Restart-dialog.png>

* To prevent windows from bringing their documents and windows back 
  from the dead at launch time, uncheck “Restore windows when 
  quitting and re-opening apps” in the General preference pane. 
  (That hyphen is Apple’s mistake, not mine: Apple really does write 
  “reopen” in one place and “re-opening” in another.) It’s 
  possible, instead, to use a third-party utility such as TinkerTool 
  to turn off this behavior for individual applications, as I 
  explained in “Lion Frustrations? Don’t Forget TinkerTool” (29 
  October 2011), but I prefer to turn off this feature globally.

<http://tidbits.com/article/12601>
<http://tidbits.com/resources/2012-05/General-preference-pane.png>

  However, there’s a mystery. Even though I’ve unchecked 
  “Restore windows when quitting and re-opening apps”, some 
  applications _still_ sometimes bring their zombie windows back from 
  the dead when I launch them. Until recently, I hadn’t paid much 
  attention to this mystery; I tended to shrug it off as more of 
  Lion’s inscrutable annoyance. After all, coming back from the dead 
  is what zombies do, so it didn’t surprise me that a few of them 
  wouldn’t stay dead. I just sighed and closed the spontaneous 
  windows by hand.

  At the same time, though, it irked me that, while I was supposed to 
  be telling readers how to take control of Lion, I still couldn’t 
  seem to get full control of Lion myself. I mean, Lion has been 
  around for a year, and I still don’t have these issues 
  straightened out? Shameful.

  A few days ago, though, I suddenly thought I’d detected a pattern. 
  I made a few tests, and sure enough, there it was: the mystery was 
  solved.

  I know you’re right on the edge of your seat, so I won’t keep 
  you in suspense. Here’s the answer: _If an application is running 
  at the time you shut down the computer_ (or restart or log out), 
  that application will reopen its zombie windows the next time it is 
  launched, even if you have told it not to.

  As soon as I’d noticed this pattern, I also understood the reason 
  behind it. In Lion, there’s more than one way of quitting an 
  application. When _you_ quit an application (by choosing Quit 
  [ApplicationName] from the [ApplicationName] menu, or pressing 
  Command-Q), the application shuts down in good order, and your 
  preferences with regard to zombie windows are enforced. But when 
  _Lion_ quits an application (because you’ve told the computer to 
  restart or shut down while the application is running), it takes a 
  completely different approach. It reasons that we need to get the 
  heck out of here as quickly as possible, so it uses a new-in-Lion 
  protocol called Sudden Termination (if the application in question 
  supports it).

<https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/General/Conceptual/MOSXAppProgrammingGuide/CoreAppDesign/CoreAppDesign.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40010543-CH3-SW28>

  The purpose of Sudden Termination is to support Resume (wouldn’t 
  you know it?); most applications (perhaps all) that support Resume 
  also support Sudden Termination, and it’s here that the trouble 
  lies.

  The idea is that, as in iOS, a Sudden Termination–enabled 
  application constantly saves its state, including what windows are 
  currently open. That way, the application can be terminated quickly, 
  because it has no work to do at termination time; all the work has 
  already been done. Under Sudden Termination, the application is 
  never even told that it is being terminated! (In technical terms, it 
  is never sent a Quit event.) Instead, the system simply pulls the 
  plug; in effect, it simply and summarily clears the application from 
  memory and rips it off the screen.

  Do you see where this is going? Because the application is instantly 
  blown away, it never has a chance to perform any tasks associated 
  with quitting. In particular, it never has a chance to obey your 
  dictates with regard to Resume! The application has been saving 
  state all along, and now, when the application is sudden-terminated 
  by Lion’s restart or shutdown process, that state is simply left 
  in place — where the system finds it the next time the application 
  is launched, resulting in zombie windows coming back from the dead.

  Naturally, I regard this as a bug. But it isn’t a bug I expect 
  Apple to fix any time soon (or ever), because it’s rooted in the 
  new Lion philosophy of making the desktop more like an iOS device. 
  Reading the developer documentation, you can actually witness Apple 
  persuading programmers that Sudden Termination is a good thing, 
  “designed to improve the user experience.” (You also discover 
  that it is of a piece with Automatic Termination, which I complained 
  about in “Lion Is a Quitter,” 5 August 2011.) Fortunately, until 
  Apple fixes this problem (which will presumably be never), there’s 
  an easy, though tedious workaround. Before I restart or shut down my 
  computer, I quit every application. Slowly. Deliberately. Manually. 
  Myself. One. By. One.

<http://tidbits.com/article/12398>


  ----
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Hammerhead Capo Case Protects iPad without Much Bulk
----------------------------------------------------
  by Jeff Carlson: <jeffc@tidbits.com>, @jeffcarlson
  article link: <http://tidbits.com/e/13017>

  I know several people who aren’t fans of Apple’s Smart Cover 
  protector for the iPad 2 and third-generation iPad, but the flexible 
  magnetic cover has always worked well for me. It keeps the iPad 
  slim, doesn’t add much weight, and — thanks to magnets in the 
  cover and the iPad — wakes up or sleeps the iPad when you open or 
  close it.

<http://www.apple.com/ipad/smart-cover/>

  What a Smart Cover doesn’t do is protect the back of the iPad. 
  That isn’t a real problem for me, since the iPad is usually on my 
  desk or in a slim pocket of my laptop bag. The back is aluminum, so 
  if it gets a little scratched up, I consider it to be the mark of a 
  device well used. But enough people cited it as a reason for not 
  using a Smart Cover that, when approached to review an interesting 
  protective case, I thought I’d give it a shot.

  The case I’ve used for the past few weeks is the Hammerhead Capo 
  Case, which fits the new iPad and the iPad 2. It costs $39.99 and is 
  available in blue, white, red, black, and bright orange (my pick).

<http://www.hammerheadcase.com/product/13/Capo%20Case>

  The Capo Case covers the entire iPad, exposing only the necessary 
  ports and controls (headphone, sleep/wake button, dock connector, 
  rear camera, and volume and mute buttons). The case is constructed 
  of a polyurethane shell, which is covered on front and back with 
  rubbery panels that feel a bit like holding a basketball, but not 
  quite as grippy.

<http://tidbits.com/resources/2012-05/hammerhead_top.jpg>

  It’s also susceptible to pressure dings — a few indentations 
  have appeared on mine where it rested against something sharp, like 
  the corner of my camera or laptop power adapter. It’s not a 
  problem if you don’t mind a little wear and tear, but might annoy 
  those who want a pristine surface.

<http://tidbits.com/resources/2012-05/hammerhead_dent.jpg>

  A plastic tab secures the front cover to the back, so there’s no 
  way the case will accidentally open in a bag (something that can 
  happen with Apple’s Smart Cover). The tab is a bit too stiff for 
  my tastes, even after hundreds of openings and closings. However, 
  even if I don’t latch it securely, the magnets in the cover still 
  interact with the ones in the iPad to put the device to sleep.

  Compared to the Smart Cover, the Capo Case cover has a more limited 
  range of motion. Just one hinge on the front folds 90 degrees; the 
  left side offers a double hinge that lets you fold the entire cover 
  around to the back of the case and out of the way. I’ve grown 
  accustomed to folding my Smart Cover over twice so that I have a 
  little handhold for my left hand as I’m reading.

<http://tidbits.com/resources/2012-05/hammerhead_hinge.jpg>

  But the Capo Case construction works a bit better if you want to 
  prop the iPad up vertically, thanks to three notches on the back of 
  the case that accommodate the latch. The cover hinge provides a 
  broader base than the Smart Cover, making it more difficult to 
  topple the iPad accidentally.

<http://tidbits.com/resources/2012-05/hammerhead_vertical.jpg>

  Turning the case around so the iPad is positioned for typing isn’t 
  as elegant: The case relies on the front hinge’s 90-degree fixed 
  angle to prevent the cover from folding flat. It works, and is 
  sturdy, so perhaps I shouldn’t complain. But it seems like an odd 
  way to provide this feature.

<http://tidbits.com/resources/2012-05/hammerhead_angled.jpg>

  I wasn’t willing to throw my iPad down a flight of stairs or slide 
  it off a table onto concrete, so I can’t vouch for how much impact 
  protection the case offers. I had no qualms about putting it into a 
  backpack filled with a DSLR and other bits of gear. (Hammerhead’s 
  Web site features video of someone backing a pickup truck over an 
  iPad in the case, although face down so the wheels could go over the 
  rounded back — would it be as intact flipped over? I’m not 
  willing to find out on purpose.)

  Of course, that protection comes at the expense of thinness. An iPad 
  by itself is 0.37 inches (9.4 mm), and a Smart Cover adds another 3 
  mm or so to that. I measured the Capo Case at 0.63 inches (14 mm). 
  If you’re looking for protection, that’s not a bad tradeoff — 
  many cases make you wonder if the manufacturers are hoping customers 
  want to carry iPads like copies of War and Peace.

  But here’s where the Capo Case and I diverge. I like the thinness 
  of the iPad, and don’t want to give that up. The Apple Smart Cover 
  protects the most valuable part, the screen, and gives me a way to 
  hold the iPad without smudging the glass.

  I realized that I don’t want this level of hard-case coverage for 
  a device I always carry with me. I’m sure that for some people, 
  those two things aren’t exclusive: if the iPad goes everywhere, it 
  needs more protection.

  I’m happy to recommend the Hammerhead Capo Case to anyone who 
  wants more protection for their iPad without bulking it up as some 
  other cases do. It’s sturdy and fits the iPad well, and is priced 
  right. I’m just not that person. 


  ----
  read/post comments: <http://tidbits.com/e/13017#comments>
  tweet this article: <http://tidbits.com/t/13017>


Facebook Tests “Highlight” Feature on Kiwis
-------------------------------------------
  by Steve McCabe: <steve@stevemccabe.net>
  article link: <http://tidbits.com/e/13026>
  5 comments

  My wife, Deborah, who manages the social-media presence of a 
  non-profit healthcare facility in Florida, posted a status update 
  for her client last week. This was utterly unremarkable; she does 
  this several times a day. But this post has, to date, received 2,349 
  comments, it has been shared 1,026 times, and 36,634 people have 
  “liked” it. These numbers are orders of magnitude higher than 
  those for her typical posts, numbers that, say, Lady Gaga or Justin 
  Bieber (or their social media elves tasked with such mundane 
  activities as tweeting to the hoi polloi) typically expect to see; 
  Deb’s client had, as her boss said, “hit the big time in the 
  world of social media.” 

  As Deb pointed out, she could have done it only in New Zealand. Over 
  the last fortnight or so, Facebook has quietly introduced a new 
  feature to its site — highlighting. When my status updates appear 
  in Facebook’s news feed, a fourth option now appears below it. In 
  addition to “Like,” “Comment” and “Share,” I can now 
  click a link labelled “Highlight.” Doing so causes Facebook to 
  ask if I want to “Highlight an Important Post.” For US$2, “you 
  can highlight important news to help make sure friends don’t miss 
  it.”

<http://tidbits.com/resources/2012-05/post-with-options.png>
<http://tidbits.com/resources/2012-05/Highlight-dialog.png>

  This new feature is being trialled in New Zealand. It is only fair 
  that Kiwis be granted the occasional perk — connectivity in this 
  country being so shonky, it’s sweet to be ahead of the game for a 
  change (see Paying by the Bit: Internet Access in New Zealand, 15 
  January 2010). 

<http://www.nzherald.co.nz/technology/news/article.cfm?c_id=5&objectid=10776918>
<http://tidbits.com/article/10917>

  Facebook appears to be testing this new feature selectively; not 
  everyone I’ve spoken to in New Zealand has access to it yet. And 
  among those of us who can highlight their posts, the company is 
  trying out two models, presumably to see which one will gain more 
  traction. While Facebook wants to charge me two dollars per post for 
  the privilege of highlighting a post, Deb paid nothing to put her 
  client’s update at the top of their friends’ news feeds. 
  Facebook is no doubt hoping to establish how many people are likely 
  to be willing to pay for the feature and comparing that revenue 
  against the associated increase in traffic.

  So what do you get for your money? Not, at first blush, an enormous 
  amount — a highlighted post stands out in a news feed thanks to a 
  yellow background. Or perhaps not. Some Facebookers report seeing 
  highlighted posts pinned to the top of their news feeds; in my news 
  feed highlighted posts are indistinguishable beyond the word 
  “highlighted.” And as far as I can tell, Facebook’s iPhone app 
  has no way of identifying highlighted posts yet. But if Deb’s 
  experience is in any way typical (and, of course, we’re assuming 
  here that highlighting a post was, at the very least, a contributing 
  factor in its virality), then it’s money well spent. And of 
  course, it’s almost certain that if highlighted posts become 
  commonplace, they too will fade into the background of social 
  chatter noise.

<http://tidbits.com/resources/2012-05/highlighted-post.png>

  Facebook is saying nothing so far about when this new functionality 
  might makes its way around the world, or whether it will be paid or 
  free. For now, they appear to be detecting potential guinea pigs by 
  New Zealand IP addresses, but, interestingly, still honouring our 
  currency preferences; knowing that I’m British, Facebook wanted to 
  charge me £1.29. Why Facebook chose New Zealand as a testing ground 
  remains unclear — perhaps Mark Zuckerberg is a massive Lord of 
  the Rings fan, or perhaps we’re an English-speaking market 
  that’s just the right size for a test.

  But for now, a couple of dollars is a small price to pay to become, 
  as Deb’s grateful boss put it, the queen of social media for a 
  day.


  ----
  read/post comments: <http://tidbits.com/e/13026#comments>
  tweet this article: <http://tidbits.com/t/13026>


Killer Zombie Attacks via Google News
-------------------------------------
  by Glenn Fleishman: <glenn@tidbits.com>, @glennf
  article link: <http://tidbits.com/e/13022>
  1 comment

  TidBITS experienced the heartbreak of server-crushing attacks 
  several times recently, and after much consternation, Adam Engst and 
  I figured out the cause.

  The mystery starts with Google News. Several times recently, TidBITS 
  articles have bubbled up to the top of the Sci/Tech section of 
  Google News. These articles tend to be about an event that occurred 
  a little bit earlier, but include our usual more deliberate analysis 
  and context instead of just the bare facts of the situation. 
  (We’re not the breaking news sorts, nor do you expect that from 
  us.)

<https://www.google.com/news/section?pz=1&cf=all&topic=t&ict=ln>

  Immediately after an article appeared on Google News, our site 
  started to become crippled with page requests. The graphs from our 
  virtual host, Linode, showed massive inbound traffic. At one point, 
  in fact, a support rep suggested it was a distributed denial of 
  service (DDoS) attack, and noted that if it affected other 
  customers, they might have to block our IP address to keep 
  everything else running. But the traffic wasn’t being recorded as 
  page views in Google Analytics, and the server would die again 
  within less than a minute after being restarted, which made no 
  sense.

  We were baffled. We thought initially that the load was from people 
  clicking on the Google News headline, since we had once seen intense 
  traffic after becoming the top result on Google’s main search when 
  they had a special snow-falling effect in December 2011. If you 
  searched for “Let It Snow”, our article was the top result in 
  news, and Google put the news results above even Web page results. 
  The “Let It Snow” search resulted in 1,200 simultaneous visitors 
  to our site for a prolonged period, and did knock the server down 
  several times. I tweaked settings to prevent that in the future. 

<http://tidbits.com/article/12685>

  This Google News effect was something different. It seemed as though 
  some sort of automated bots were triggered whenever one of our 
  articles appeared in Google News, and as soon as the article aged 
  out of Google News (typically after a couple of hours), the storm 
  would subside. The traffic didn’t look like normal Web visits, 
  because it came in such volume without showing a referral from the 
  Google News site. Nor did the visits show up in the 
  JavaScript-driven Google Analytics, either in a live report we can 
  watch or in retrospective analysis.

  I kept thinking that the problem was due to a server 
  misconfiguration and put non-trivial amounts of time into tweaking 
  settings, but it was all for naught. Each time the problem happened, 
  Adam and I would rack our brains trying to figure out how to keep 
  the server up.

  After the fourth or fifth time of being hammered after an article 
  appeared in Google News, I finally discovered a pattern I should 
  have seen earlier. Our access logs were full of requests from many 
  different IP addresses asking for the same page repeatedly within a 
  few seconds. That in itself wasn’t unusual for traffic generated 
  by Google News, but more peculiar was the user-agent identifier — 
  that’s the bit of text a browser sends that tells a server what 
  its maker and version are. We were seeing “Mozilla/5.0 
  (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.9.0.10) Gecko/2009042316 
  Firefox/3.0.10 (.NET CLR 3.5.30729)”. 

  Mozilla is the identifier for Firefox, and, confusingly, Windows 
  XP’s first 64-bit release identifies itself as Windows NT 5.1. 
  (Windows XP was built on the Windows NT branch of operating systems, 
  a break from the earlier Windows 95, 98, and Me platform.) It’s 
  ridiculous to think that a Mac publication would receive massive 
  amounts of traffic from what was nominally an old version of Firefox 
  running on Windows XP, even though XP remains in wide use.

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT>

  That was the key to figuring out the problem. Some piece of 
  Web-aware software, likely malicious and certainly poorly 
  programmed, was being triggered on thousands (perhaps tens of 
  thousands) of computers whenever an article link appeared on Google 
  News. We still aren’t sure why, but it definitely wasn’t for 
  humanitarian reasons. In security lingo, computers that have been 
  subverted with malware to do the bidding of distant control systems 
  are called “zombies.” 

  Once we had identified the rogue user agent, we were able to learn 
  more about the problem, notably from an active and interesting 
  thread at Stack Overflow from other system administrators.

<http://serverfault.com/questions/370378/illegitimate-traffic-from-user-agent-mozilla-5-0-windows-u-windows-nt-5-1-en>

  The remediation was simple: we now block any incoming traffic marked 
  with that user agent. The block pattern I used initially was too 
  broad, and blocked some TidBITS readers who either use Windows XP or 
  whose companies use proxy gateways that report that user agent. Of 
  course, serious malware would use random user agent names, and would 
  require more sophisticated pattern recognition and blocking on our 
  part.

  Before we figured out that these massive traffic spikes were due to 
  zombies, I also took the opportunity to deploy a caching system in 
  the hopes that eliminating database lookups from our site would 
  solve the problem. It didn’t fix that problem, but it did improve 
  performance overall quite significantly. Now, when you retrieve an 
  article page without being logged in to a TidBITS account, you get a 
  stored snapshot of that page, which is updated every five minutes, 
  or when a comment is posted or the article modified. Logged-in users 
  always receive a fresh page customized by their login. That should 
  let us handle “Let It Snow” cases again with little effort, too.

  The Internet is full of strange and perverse beasts, and just when 
  you think you’ve found one’s tail, it turns out to be the mouth, 
  breathing fire at you. We’ve muzzled this particular problem, but 
  will keep alert for future demons. 


  ----
  read/post comments: <http://tidbits.com/e/13022#comments>
  tweet this article: <http://tidbits.com/t/13022>


TidBITS Watchlist: Notable Software Updates for 4 June 2012
-----------------------------------------------------------
  by TidBITS Staff: <editors@tidbits.com>
  article link: <http://tidbits.com/e/13037>

**QuarkXPress 9.3** -- Quark continues to focus on ebook publishing 
  with the release of QuarkXPress 9.3, which now enables you to export 
  content directly to Amazon’s Kindle format without additional 
  plug-ins. The update also provides support for inline tables of 
  contents in EPUB files, a variety of unnamed fixes and enhancements 
  to EPUB and Reflow views, and a fix for occasional crashes that 
  occurred on some MacBook Pro models while concurrently saving a 
  document and running a Time Machine backup. Additionally, the 
  release resolves issues with facing page reordering, EPS/PDF 
  previews, PDF box sizes, and more. ($849 new, free update, 1.1 GB, 
  release notes)

<http://www.quark.com/Products/QuarkXPress/>
<http://www.quark.com/Support/Downloads/Details.aspx?fid=233>

  Read/post comments about QuarkXPress 9.3.

<http://tidbits.com/article/13034#comments>


**OmniFocus 1.10.2** -- Preparing for the end of an era, version 
  1.10.2 of the Omni Group’s task management app OmniFocus removes 
  direct support for syncing through MobileMe, which is slated to go 
  dark as of 30 June 2012. Omni notes that sync settings will now 
  appear under the Advanced (WebDAV) sync method if you’re currently 
  syncing via MobileMe, and recommends that you switch to either the 
  free Omni Sync Server or another WebDAV service. OmniFocus 1.10.2 
  also improves Inbox workflow by displaying the contents of groups in 
  the badge count, fixing a bug where contents of groups were excluded 
  in Context mode, and ensuring the Next Action filter works 
  correctly. ($79.99 new, free update, 22 MB, release notes)

<http://www.omnigroup.com/products/omnifocus/>
<http://www.omnigroup.com/products/omnifocus/download/releasenotes/>

  Read/post comments about OmniFocus 1.10.2.

<http://tidbits.com/article/13033#comments>


**App Tamer 1.3** -- St. Clair Software has updated their CPU-saving 
  utility App Tamer 1.3 with more control over when the AutoStop 
  feature gets activated. With this update, you can set AutoStop to 
  begin working its magic only when your laptop battery falls below a 
  specified charge level, which will help minimize battery drain and 
  speed up recharging. The release also includes several AppleScript 
  commands that enable you to turn AutoStop on and off as well as wake 
  a stopped application in your scripts. Additionally, this version 
  fixes a problem that caused Web browser helper applications to 
  freeze the browser and an issue where disabling AutoStop didn’t 
  actually disable the feature for some machines. ($14.95 new, free 
  update, 3.8 MB, release notes)

<http://www.stclairsoft.com/AppTamer/>
<http://www.stclairsoft.com/AppTamer/release.html>

  Read/post comments about App Tamer 1.3.

<http://tidbits.com/article/13032#comments>


**Fantastical 1.3** -- Adding one of its most requested features, 
  Flexibits has released Fantastical 1.3 with support for both iCal 
  and iOS reminders. You can now add a to-do item to the calendar 
  utility and send it to iCloud’s reminders list (which syncs with 
  both the Reminders app on your iOS device and iCal) or just to 
  iCal’s reminders list (which doesn’t sync to iCloud). To create 
  a reminder, toggle the slider at the top right corner of 
  Fantastical’s window from calendar to reminder, or type 
  “reminder,” “todo,” “task,” or “√” (Option-V) at 
  the beginning of an entry to force Fantastical to create a reminder 
  and not a calendar entry. Additionally, you can set a reminder’s 
  priority from low to high by typing from one to three exclamation 
  points. Outlook users also get an improvement, with a notification 
  sent to invitees after an event has been edited or deleted. If 
  you’ve previously used a trial version of Fantastical that 
  expired, you can try it again, as Flexibits has reset the 2-week 
  trial period for this version. ($19.99 new from Flexibits or the Mac 
  App Store, free update, 9.0 MB, release notes)

<http://flexibits.com/fantastical>
<http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/fantastical/id435003921?mt=12>
<http://flexibits.com/fantastical_releasenotes>

  Read/post comments about Fantastical 1.3.

<http://tidbits.com/article/13031#comments>


**Typinator 5.1** -- Ergonis has refined its popular typing expansion 
  utility with the release of Typinator 5.1, which now includes 
  interactive input fields that can insert dynamic content into 
  expanded text. This enables an abbreviation to open a dialog in 
  which values can be entered into specified fields, ranging from text 
  fragments that you type to scripts that create further dynamic 
  expansions. Check out the Ergonis Extras page to download a 
  collection of input field samples, including interactive date 
  calculations and currency conversions. Typinator 5.1 also includes 
  more than 25 additional enhancements, including improved tab 
  navigation between abbreviation and expansion, improved speed of 
  repeatedly used AppleScripts, a fix for a problem where Quick Search 
  results weren’t visible on multiple-monitor setups, and a 
  workaround for an expansion and cursor positioning issue in Coda 2. 
  The release also includes a signed developer ID for use with OS X 
  10.8 Mountain Lion’s Gatekeeper security feature. (€24.99 new 
  with a 25-percent discount for TidBITS members, free update, 4.7 MB, 
  release notes) 

<http://www.ergonis.com/products/typinator/>
<http://www.ergonis.com/downloads/extras/>
<http://tidbits.com/member_benefits.html>
<http://www.ergonis.com/products/typinator/history.html>

  Read/post comments about Typinator 5.1.

<http://tidbits.com/article/13028#comments>


**Aperture 3.2.4** -- Apple has released Aperture 3.2.4, which 
  promises improved stability for the professional photo organizer and 
  editor when running on Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard. The only other 
  item noted for this maintenance release is a fix for an issue that 
  prevented the Viewer from updating correctly after editing a photo 
  using an external editor. ($79.99 new in the Mac App Store, free 
  update, 635.54 MB)

<http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1538>
<http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/aperture/id408981426?mt=12>

  Read/post comments about Aperture 3.2.4.

<http://tidbits.com/article/13027#comments>


**Coda 2.0** -- Panic has released Coda 2.0, a major update to its Web 
  site development tool, with a revamped user interface and over 100 
  new features. Coda now incorporates a visual tab bar for faster 
  navigation of your files, and the tab bar can be displayed as large 
  icons with dynamic thumbnails or resized to just minimal text. The 
  new version also introduces a customizable sidebar that enables you 
  to drag the tools you use the most to its toolbar header. Other new 
  features include an improved code editor with autocompletion for 
  custom variables and functions and smarter closing tags, improved 
  file management with support for the git version control system, and 
  an improved clips function that enables you to tab between 
  placeholders that need input. Coda 2.0 also adds support for syncing 
  sites using iCloud; however this feature is available only in the 
  version purchased from the Mac App Store. Coda 2.0 is currently 
  available for $75 for a limited time, but it will soon rise to its 
  regular price of $99. Customers who purchased Coda 1.x directly from 
  Panic will continue to be eligible for a $75 upgrade price to Coda 
  2.0 after this limited time discount ends. ($99 new, $75 upgrade, 
  41.8 MB)

<http://www.panic.com/coda/>
<http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/coda-2/id499340368?mt=12>

  In addition to the Mac version of Coda, Panic has also released the 
  $19.99 Diet Coda for iOS. Along with enabling you to edit code and 
  update your Web sites from your iPad when away from your Mac, Diet 
  Coda can also turn your iPad into a dedicated preview screen. This 
  AirPreview function requires that your iPad and Mac be on the same 
  Wi-Fi network.

<http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/diet-coda/id500906297?mt=8>

  Read/post comments about Coda 2.0.

<http://tidbits.com/article/13025#comments>


**Cobook 1.0** -- Is it time to lose Apple’s leatherette Address 
  Book in the back of a drawer? Developers Kaspars Dancis and Janis 
  Dancis have released Cobook 1.0, a free Mac app that gives you 
  access to your contacts without having to wade through Address 
  Book’s weak and confusing interface. We first saw a beta version 
  of Cobook at Macworld | iWorld 2012; see “Cool Products at 
  Macworld | iWorld 2012,” 30 January 2012. It caught our eye not 
  just because it could replace the much-maligned Address Book, but 
  also because it can pull information (with your authorization, of 
  course) from Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn, fleshing out your 
  contacts without requiring you to do it manually. Cobook is also 
  smart about adding new information: for example, just type a full 
  address to populate the proper fields. Best of all, it’s free. 
  (Free via the Mac App Store, 1.5 MB)

<http://www.cobookapp.com/>
<http://tidbits.com/article/12758>
<http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/cobook/id525225808?mt=12>

  Read/post comments about Cobook 1.0.

<http://tidbits.com/article/13023#comments>


**Screenflow 3.0.6** -- Telestream has released Screenflow 3.0.6, a 
  bug-squashing jamboree of minor fixes that address a wide variety of 
  glitches and annoyances in the screencasting software. While the 
  vast number of fixes are individually too minor to list here, the 
  release does reduce memory usage to help prevent the app from 
  crashing, and it adds a signed developer ID for OS X 10.8 Mountain 
  Lion’s Gatekeeper security feature. For a complete rundown of the 
  voluminous number of fixes and improvements, download the PDF 
  release notes from Telestream’s support page. ($99 new from 
  Telestream or the Mac App Store, free update, $29 upgrade from 2.x 
  or 1.x, 14.1 MB)

<http://www.telestream.net/screen-flow/overview.htm>
<http://www.telestream.net/telestream-support/screen-flow/support.htm>
<http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/screenflow/id422025166?mt=12>
<http://www.telestream.net/screen-flow/upgrade.htm>

  Read/post comments about Screenflow 3.0.6.

<http://tidbits.com/article/13021#comments>


**Keyboard Maestro 5.3** -- Pushing to get one last significant update 
  in before Apple restricted the Mac App Store to apps that can be 
  sandboxed, Stairways Software has released Keyboard Maestro 5.3 with 
  a number of image manipulation and mouse click actions added to the 
  powerful automation utility. On the image front, Keyboard Maestro 
  5.3 now enables you to create new images; flip, rotate, resize, and 
  crop images; create images out of composites of images, styled text, 
  and shapes; find an image on your screen; and capture one or all 
  screens or a selected window. Enhanced mouse click actions include 
  support for double and triple clicks, dragging with any button, and 
  clicking relative to the center of a window, screen, or image. You 
  can also now type the word APPLICATION (in all caps) within menu 
  selections as an alias for the current application. Other additions 
  include a new Highlight Location action and live reporting of 
  condition test results in action editors. A number of tweaky bug 
  fixes round out the update. ($36 new, free update, $25 upgrade from 
  versions previous to 5.0, 17.5 MB, release notes)

<http://www.keyboardmaestro.com/main/>
<http://www.keyboardmaestro.com/documentation/5/whatsnew.html>

  Read/post comments about Keyboard Maestro 5.3.

<http://tidbits.com/article/13015#comments>


ExtraBITS for 4 June 2012
-------------------------
  by TidBITS Staff: <editors@tidbits.com>
  article link: <http://tidbits.com/e/13036>

  Two quick bits for you this week: an NPR radio host who is putting 
  all his trust (and 25,000 songs) in iTunes Match, and a look back at 
  the much-loved HyperCard.


**NPR Music Host Deletes His Songs on Purpose** -- Bob Boilen, host of 
  NPR’s All Songs Considered, writes that he has deleted 25,000 
  songs from his iTunes library, reclaiming 200 GB. Instead, he’ll 
  be relying on iTunes Match. Let’s hope he kept a backup or two, 
  just in case.

<https://www.npr.org/blogs/allsongs/2012/05/28/153862651/i-just-deleted-all-my-music-pt-1>

  Read/post comments

<http://tidbits.com/article/13035#comments>


**Remembering HyperCard** -- Matthew Lasar at Ars Technica offers a 
  look back at the wonder and glory that was HyperCard, Apple’s 
  software construction kit for the rest of us. In its time, HyperCard 
  enabled the development of software like Myst, the interactive Whole 
  Earth Catalog, and the Voyager Expanded Books. And of course, 
  TidBITS, which we published as a HyperCard stack for our first 99 
  weekly issues.

<http://arstechnica.com/apple/2012/05/25-years-of-hypercard-the-missing-link-to-the-web/>

  Read/post comments

<http://tidbits.com/article/13030#comments>


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